优化营商环境之建设项目
环评知识问答
（第三期）
环评编制
EIA Compilation
12.建设单位在环评报告书（表）的编制及报批阶段应当承担哪些责任？
（1）依法应当编制环评报告书（表）的建设项目，建设单位应当在开工建设前将环评报告书（表）报有审批权的生态环境主管部门进行审批；建设项目的环评文件未依法经审批部门审查或者审查后未予批准的，建设单位不得开工建设。建设单位对环评文件负主体责任[14、15]。
（2）除国家规定需要保密的情形外，建设单位应当在环境影响报告编制阶段，通过网络平台、公告、报纸等方式，征求有关公民、法人和其他组织的意见[16]。
（3）对纳入主要污染物总量控制实施范围的建设项目，应在报批环评文件时，提交建设项目新增总量削减替代来源证明（按规定无需提交削减替代来源的建设项目除外）[17]。
12. What responsibilities should the construction unit undertake during the compilation and approval stages of the EIA Report (Form)?
(1) For construction projects that legally require the compilation of an EIA Report (Form), the construction unit shall submit the EIA Report (Form) to the ecological environment competent department with approval authority for approval before starting construction. If the construction project's EIA document has not been reviewed by the approval department or not approved after review, the construction unit shall not start construction. The construction unit bears the primary responsibility for the EIA document [14, 15].
(2) Except for cases requiring confidentiality as stipulated by national regulations, the construction unit shall, before submitting the Report for approval, solicit opinions from relevant citizens, legal entities, and other organizations through online platforms, public notices, newspapers, or other means[16].
(3) For construction projects included in the scope of total control of major pollutants, a proof of the source of total emission reduction substitution for the project's new additions must be submitted when applying for EIA document approval (except for projects not required to submit reduction substitution sources according to regulations)[17].
13.什么机构能承接环评报告书（表）的编制？
建设单位可以委托技术单位进行环评报告书（表）的编制，自身具备环评技术能力的，也可自行开展编制。
建设单位可在环境影响评价信用平台（https://xypt.china-eia.com/XYPT/）查询编制单位、编制人员的信用状态，择优选择编制单位，避免选择列入失信“黑名单”或限期整改的机构[14]。
13. What institutions can undertake the compilation of EIA Reports (Forms)?
The construction unit can entrust a technical unit to compile the EIA Report (Form). If the unit itself possesses EIA technical capabilities, it may also carry out the compilation itself.
Construction units can query the credit status of compilation units and personnel on the Environmental Impact Assessment Credit Platform (https://xypt.china-eia.com/XYPT/) to avoid selecting agencies listed in the "Blacklist" for dishonesty or those under a deadline for rectification[14].
14.什么情况下建设项目可由政府统筹或在全市范围内平衡总量指标？
一、全市范围内，符合以下情形的建设项目，新增总量由政府统筹削减替代来源[17]：
（1）废气、废水污染物：二氧化硫、颗粒物、氮氧化物、挥发性有机物和化学需氧量单项主要污染物的新增量小于0.1吨/年（含0.1吨/年）以及氨氮的新增量小于0.01吨/年（含0.01吨/年）的建设项目。
（2）重点重金属污染物：在满足相关政策要求并严格审批的前提下，实施国家重大发展战略直接相关的重点项目和利用涉重金属固体废物的重点行业建设项目。
（3）本市现有燃油锅炉或窑炉实施清洁化提升改造（“油改气”或“油改电”）涉及的新增总量。
二、特定行业内，符合以下情形的建设项目，新增总量由政府统筹削减替代来源[11、12]：
（1）对集成电路和生物医药项目单项主要污染物（氮氧化物、挥发性有机物）新增排放总量在0.5吨/年以下（含0.5吨/年）的。
（2）纳入本市集成电路重点支持项目清单的建设项目，在实施最优可达技术并采取最先进的污染防治措施的。
三、临港新片区产城融合区（不包括洋山保税港区岛屿部分）内，符合以下情形的建设项目，新增总量由政府统筹削减替代来源[10]：
二氧化硫、颗粒物、氮氧化物、挥发性有机物和化学需氧量单项主要污染物的新增量小于0.5吨/年（含0.5吨/年）的。
四、重大工程项目[17]
由市政府确定的且关系到国家和全市发展战略的重大项目，废气、废水污染物的新增总量应优先在项目所在企业、行业内部或地区平衡；对新增总量较大且确实难以在企业、行业内部或地区进行削减替代的，在落实污染减排措施并严格审批的前提下，削减替代来源可在全市范围内平衡。
14.Under what circumstances can the total quantity indicators for a construction project be coordinated by the government or balanced within the citywide scope?
I. Citywide scope: For construction projects fitting the following scenarios, the newly added total quantity is coordinated by the government for reduction substitution sources [17]:
(1) Waste gas, Wastewater pollutants: Construction projects where the newly added amount of single major pollutants (Sulfur dioxide, Particulate matter, Nitrogen oxides, Volatile organic compounds, and Chemical oxygen demand) is less than 0.1 tons/year (inclusive) and Ammonia nitrogen is less than 0.01 tons/year (inclusive).
(2) Key Heavy Metal Pollutants: Key projects directly related to the implementation of national major development strategies and key industry construction projects utilizing heavy metal-involved solid wastes, provided relevant policy requirements are met and approval is strict.
(3) The newly added total quantity involved in the clean energy upgrading ("Oil to Gas" or "Oil to Electricity") of existing oil-fired boilers or kilns in this city.
II. Specific Industries: For construction projects fitting the following scenarios, the newly added total quantity is coordinated by the government for reduction substitution sources [11, 12]:
(1) Integrated Circuit and Bio-medicine projects where the newly added emission total of single major pollutants (Nitrogen oxides, Volatile organic compounds) is below 0.5 tons/year (inclusive).
(2) Construction projects included in the city's Integrated Circuit Key Support Project List that implement Best Available Techniques (BAT) and adopt the most advanced pollution prevention and control measures.
III. Lingang Special Area (excluding Yangshan Bonded Port Area islands): For construction projects fitting the following scenarios, the newly added total quantity is coordinated by the government for reduction substitution sources [10]:
Projects where the newly added amount of single major pollutants (Sulfur dioxide, Particulate matter, Nitrogen oxides, Volatile organic compounds, and Chemical oxygen demand) is less than 0.5 tons/year (inclusive).
IV. Major Engineering Projects [17]:
For major projects determined by the Municipal Government that relate to national and citywide development strategies, the newly added total quantity of waste gas and wastewater pollutants should be balanced primarily within the project's enterprise, industry, or region. For those with large newly added totals that are indeed difficult to reduce and substitute within the enterprise, industry, or region, the reduction substitution source can be balanced within the citywide scope, provided pollution reduction measures are implemented and approval is strict.
15.什么是建设项目环境保护的“三同时”制度？
“三同时”是指：建设项目中防治污染的设施，应当与主体工程同时设计、同时施工、同时投产使用。防治污染的设施应当符合经批准的环境影响评价文件的要求，不得擅自拆除或者闲置。[18]
15.What is the "Three Simultaneities" system for construction project environmental protection?
"Three Simultaneities" refers to: The facilities for preventing pollution in a construction project shall be designed, constructed, and put into production and use simultaneously with the main project. The facilities for preventing pollution shall comply with the requirements of the approved environmental impact assessment documents and shall not be dismantled or left idle without authorization [18].
16.企业怎么咨询环评政策问题？
企业可通过上海一网通办（http://zwdt.sh.gov.cn）智能客服或“环境e小二”进行线上咨询，也可咨询生态环境主管部门。生态环境主管部门联系方式可在上海一网通办网站中搜索“环境影响评价审批”事项，查找咨询电话和咨询窗口地址。
16. How can enterprises consult on EIA policy issues?
Enterprises can consult online via the Shanghai "Government Online-Offline Shanghai" (http://zwdt.sh.gov.cn) intelligent customer service or "Environment e-Waiter". They can also consult ecological environment competent departments. Contact information for ecological environment competent departments can be found by searching for "Environmental Impact Assessment Approval" items on the Shanghai "Government Online-Offline Shanghai" website to find consultation phone numbers and window addresses.
10.《上海市生态环境局关于发布〈关于深化环评制度改革支持中国（上海）自由贸易试验区临港新片区高质量发展的若干意见〉的通知》（沪环规〔2023〕9号）
11.《上海市生态环境局关于印发〈关于深化环评与排污许可改革支持生物医药产业发展的若干措施〉的通知》（沪环规〔2024〕9号）
12.《上海市生态环境局关于印发〈关于深化环评与排污许可改革支持集成电路产业发展的若干措施〉的通知》（沪环规〔2024〕4号）
14.《中华人民共和国环境影响评价法》
15.《建设项目环境影响报告书（表）编制监督管理办法》
16.《上海市生态环境局关于印发〈上海市环境影响评价公众参与办法〉的通知》（沪环规〔2021〕8号）
17.《上海市生态环境局关于印发〈关于优化建设项目新增主要污染物排放总量管理推动高质量发展的实施意见〉的通知》（沪环规〔2023〕4号）
18.《中华人民共和国环境保护法》
